Study of the Concepts of Illuminated Arrays in Islamic Mysticism and its Relevance to the Content of the Quran
Asghar
Kafshchian Moghadam
Associate Professor, Department of Painting and Sculpture, Faculty of Visual Arts, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
author
Fatemeh
Gholami Houjeghan
Ph.D. Candidate in Comparative and Analytical History of Islamic Art, Department of Advance Studies of Art, Faculty of Visual Arts, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
author
text
article
2019
per
Objective: The current research, explains the relation between the concepts of illuminated arrays with the text of Quran and the mysticism texts of Iran. In other words, the main concern of this research is the discovery of the possible origin of arrays such as, ornamental loop (shamseh), oval medallion (Toranj), frontispiece (sarloh), frieze (katibeh), margin, cornice (shorafeh or sharafeh), as well as their relationship with Islamic and Iranian mysticism and its relevance to the content of the Quran. Approach/ Research method: This is an applied research that based on inductive method and a descriptive and analytical approach that evaluates the Quran's Illumination arrays. Findings: The abundance of related words in the Qur'anic text is very interesting. Words are associated with the lighting, include 8 items: 1- Noor (light) with 43 items; 2- Shams (Sun) with 32 cases; 3- Ghamar (moon) with 27 items; 4- Najm (star) with 13 cases; 5- Kowkab (star) with 3 items; 6- Ziya (brilliancy or light) with 3 items; 7- Mesbah (Lamp) with 3 cases; 8- Meshkat (kind of lantern or light) with 1 item. Also the words are associated with the nature, include 2 items: 1- Bahr (sea) with 41 items and 2- Shajare (Tree) with 27 items. On the other hand, some words have both this world meaning and other world meaning such as Ghalam (pen) with 2 items; and some words are not tangible to humans and related to the hereafter, such as Tuba (name of tree in Paradise) with 1 item. Not only the count of Qur’anic words related to Illumination arrays, but also the deep mystical concepts of these words in mystical texts of Iranshows a close connection between the arrays of illumination and the Qur'anic content. But this connection was indirect and presented in the context of abstract motifs. In the meantime, mystical texts are the best decoder of this hidden connection. Conclusion: Regarding the frequency of Qur’anic words related to Illumination arrays as well as matching the mystical meanings of these words with Iranian mysticism, it can be said that the illuminator is inspired by the Qur'anic text to the depiction of illuminated arrays and by adapting these patterns to Iranian-Islamic mysticism, and they are chosen abstract shapes and arrays so that way for realization and expression of the mysterious manifestation of Holy Quran.
Library and Information Sciences
Central Library of Astan Quds Razavi
1680-9637
22
v.
2
no.
2019
1
29
https://lis.aqr-libjournal.ir/article_86101_475510341575cb9a217fb95ef1ddbd38.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.30481/lis.2019.168694.1497
Iconicity in the Quranic Manuscript No. 1200
Preserved at the Museum of Qom
Zeynab
Safarian
PhD student of Islamic Art, Faculty of Islamic Arts, Tabriz Islamic Art University, Tabriz, Iran
author
Mehdi
Mohammad zadeh
Associate Professor, Faculty of Islamic Arts, Deputy of Educational, Research and Technology, Tabriz Islamic Art University, Iran
author
text
article
2019
per
Objective: Qur'anic manuscript No. 1200 is kept at the Museum of Qom, dated to the second century AH. Both dating and writing on paper in this manuscript has caused some discussions between scholars. Furthermore, structural and visual features of script include three lines per page and a special design of each letter is added to its importance. In this paper, we deal with the special way of drawing of the letters in this manuscript and try to examine the representation of words in Islamic calligraphy and its relationship with creation of meaning. Methodology: The article was done with descriptive-analytic method. Findings: The writing is a kind of image-text; namely, that is visual representation of speech and visualization of immortality. Writing in Islamic calligraphy is considered as a composite art that is combined image and word in a group of meaningful relationships. In this manuscript, some letters in some words are designed distinctly than other words and letters. These words are semantically meaningful in the text. In fact, there is a connection between the formal and semantic features of the written sign, which is known in semiotics as internal iconicity. In manuscript No.1200 internal iconicity is used in the representation of words that have a special meaning in the verse and play a prominent role. This way of representing of letters has effect on the perception of the sacred text by the audience. The visual representation of the written signs in this Qur'anic manuscript represents the convergence of visual and verbal elements to create meaning of the text. In fact, the script here does not only show language signs, but also exhibits the artistic and graphic features of the script that is used for divine Word. Designing and arrangement of the letters together and changing the size and expending them are effective in creating visual features and transmitting text messages. Here the calligraphy by approaching the script to the image affects on the conceptual dimension of the message, and this kind of script with its abstract forms is in accordance with the culture and beliefs of its audience. Visual features of the text motivate the emotional response as well as effect on the interpretation of written words. The words are not the only texts that have been interpreted, but also understood as visual, real, and touchable objects. Conclusion: The results of the research show that writing as a sign in Islamic calligraphy works in two levels of form and meaning and leads to internal iconicity in the text from the visual and semantic point of view. This iconicity is effective in understanding the meaning of the text. The main difference between artistic and linguistic representation lay in the human variable. While correspondence between the parts of the representation of the sign in the language of is subconscious but in art is conscious. In his words, words can play a role that mutually affects religious observation. The manner in which the words appear in the reader's mind will change the worship response and the reader’s interpretation.
Library and Information Sciences
Central Library of Astan Quds Razavi
1680-9637
22
v.
2
no.
2019
30
50
https://lis.aqr-libjournal.ir/article_82436_636d718ae374c4258ddf3bd2eb15ebb7.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.30481/lis.2019.82436
Comparative Study of Science Classification Systems and Library Bibliographic Classification Schedules
Mozaffar
CheshmehSohrabi
Associate Professor, Department of Knowledge and Information Science, Faculty of Education and Psychology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
author
Elahe
Ebrahimi Dorcheh
PhD candidate in Departement of Knowledge and Information Science, Faculty of Education and Psychology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
author
text
article
2019
per
Objective: The science classification and library bibliographic classification are the two well-known study fields, the first, subject to science field and the second subject to Library and Information Science field. These two concepts are very close to each other. Regardless of the connection between these two, there exist fundamental questions, to name one: what is the need for compilation of science classification systems or library bibliographic classification schedules? There are many studies on these tow schemes, which can be divided into the following four categories: 1) Discussing the general issues (like definition, necessity and challenges), 2) describing one or more classification systems, 3) analyzing the perspectives of Islam and Muslims, and 4) specifying the components of science classification or library-bibliographic classification as to interdisciplinary fields and the theories thereof. In none of the existing works, a combination of these two… is studied in a comprehensive and detailed sense. Accordingly, this study aims at running a comparative study of science classification systems and library bibliographic classification schedules in the context of the time trends, thematic tendencies of the designers, the approaches and classification criteria, the count of branches and their efficiency and influence thereof. Methodology: The two documentary and content analysis methods are adopted here. In the documentary analysis section, a collection of relevant documents is identified through a targeted sampling method. In the content analysis, quantitative and qualitative methods are applied. According to the purpose and type of research, the census method is applied. Finding: The review run on the texts led to the identification of 99 science classification systems and 57 library bibliographic classification schedules. The climax of the science classification systems formation is toured in the Middle Ages with a frequency of 45 (46.39%) and the library bibliographic classification schedules climax is toured in the contemporary age with a frequency of 29 (51.78%). In terms of expertise and subject area, 54 percent of science classification systems are developed by philosophers and 42 percent of library bibliographic classification schedules are developed by librarians. In terms of classification systems criteria, the "religious-orientation" with frequency of 11 classifications for the science classification systems and the "subject- orientation" with frequency of 9 classification for library-bibliographic classification schedules top other criteria. The count of developers of science classification system are influenced by Farabi, an Iranian philosopher, is 14. The count of the same influenced by Aristotle, a Greek philosopher, is seven. As to library bibliographic classification schedules, the most influential person is Francis Bacon. In the science classification systems, 35.38 percent (23 cases), are divided into two categories, while in the library bibliographic classification schedules, most of the sub-categories are quartet and decimalized (each are with 13.63 percent (6 classifications). Conclusion: Comparing these two classification systems according to these criteria provides an appropriate perspective of these systems from the beginning to the present. Therefore, the results of this research can be applied to the country''s scientific policies in the field of science classification systems and library bibliographic classification schedules. Regardless of the relation between these two systems, there are fundamental questions about these two domains. Among them, one can point to the question of whether the necessity of codification of classification systems of science or library bibliographic classification schemes is right?
Library and Information Sciences
Central Library of Astan Quds Razavi
1680-9637
22
v.
2
no.
2019
51
80
https://lis.aqr-libjournal.ir/article_88126_98a03318fffa5d17b6b978b4d4d8c694.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.30481/ijlis.2019.174573.1530
Evaluation of Iranian Knowledge and Information Science Publishers Based on the Brand Equity Indices from the Viewpoint of
Graduate Students in this Field
Rouhallah
Khademi
Assistant professor, knowledge and Information Department, Faculty of Psychology and education, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran
author
text
article
2019
per
Objective: Trademark experts consider the brand as an intangible asset of a company or organization. Today, due to the existence of competitive markets, both nationally and internationally, the economy of publishing has been particularly sensitive, and publishers have an economic view of this industry. Brand equity is also considered as one of the most competitive indices. On the other hand, the field of Knowledge and Information Science has grown in recent years in Iran with the growth of the number of departments, students and professors, and consequently the growth of books and publications. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to investigate the most important publishers of Knowledge and Information Science in terms of brand equity indices (brand awareness, brand association, perceived quality, and brand loyalty) from the viewpoints of postgraduate students in this field. Methodology: This research is a descriptive survey. The data-gathering tool was a questionnaire prepared based on the Acer model and its validity and reliability have been obtained. The research population was all the master and Ph.D. students of Tehran, Ferdowsi and Shahid Chamran Universities in the field of Knowledge and Information Science. The questionnaires were designed electronically and sent to the students of the study by email. Among the publishers, four Iranian publishers, Ketabdar, Chapar, Ketabkhane Rayanei, and Dabizesh, which were measured in previous studies as the main nongovernmental publishers in the field of Knowledge and Information Science, were selected for review. To analyze the data, descriptive and analytical statistics have been used. Findings: The results showed that Ketabdar and Chapar have more brand equity indices than Ketabkhane Rayanei and Dabizesh. In general, Ketabdar, Chapar, Ketabkhane rayanei and Dabizesh ranked high to low brand equity, respectively. Almost all publishers have had a medium score in brand equity. In addition, results showed that publishers, which were in Tehran, have more brand equity than the publishers in other cities. Conclusion: In general, the publishers are in a moderate position in terms of brand equity and need to be more active in promoting each brand equity index. Almost all publishers had better score in brand awareness than other brand equity indexes. The minimum score was in brand loyalty. These results indicate that if new publishers or other publishers are not considered in this study to be more active, enter the competition, then these major publishers may be discarded from the competition. It needs to study other publishers and by other indexes in term of the brand.
Library and Information Sciences
Central Library of Astan Quds Razavi
1680-9637
22
v.
2
no.
2019
99
81
https://lis.aqr-libjournal.ir/article_84929_c07411adb641e191dd99f471d93c2371.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.30481/lis.2019.158860.1470
Analysis on the Development Indicators of Iranian Digital Libraries
Yaghoub
Norouzi
associate professor in Knowledge and Information Science,
Faculty of Literature and Human Sciences, University of Qom, Qom, Iran
author
Nayere
Jafari Far
MSc in Knowledge and Information Science, Faculty of Literature and Human Sciences,
Qom University of Medical Sciences; Iran
author
text
article
2019
per
Objective: The present study aimed to identify and prioritize the effective indicators on the development of Iranian digital libraries from the view point of the experts to provide a roadmap for the successful development of Iranian digital libraries. Methodology: This was an applied research method with descriptive approach. The research population consists of 15 Iranian digital library experts. Data collected by research made questionnaire. For data analysis, we used statistical methods like descriptive and inferential frequency, percentage, and Likert scale. Findings: Digital Library Federation (DLF) defines digital libraries as organizations that provide the resources, including the specialized staff, to select, structure, offer intellectual access to, interpret, distribute, preserve the integrity of, and ensure the persistence over time of collections of digital works so that they are readily available for use by a defined community or set of communities. As this defined showed, four major elements (human resources, collections, services, technology) have considerable effect on design and development of digital libraries and if a digital library is intended to be established and developed, each of these axes should be carefully examined according to research findings, Iranian digital library experts in order to develop digital library believe a number of factors in four main areas included Human resources (15 components), Collection development (12 components), Services (18 components) and Technology (19 components). All 64 components were introduced as indicator for the development of Iranian digital libraries. Conclusion: Based of the results, using of information science specialists and digital librarians with the highest score (4.87 from 5 on the Likert scale) was the most important components. Also, using of lawyers (in the field of copyright and Digital Library contracts) has earned the lowest rank (3.67 from 5) on the Likert scale). This research has been based on the opinions and views of the Iranian digital library experts. The capabilities and requirements of practical knowledge in this field do offer a comprehensive plan for the development of these systems. The results of this study will help all officials and administrators in the country take better decisions in theory and practice.
Library and Information Sciences
Central Library of Astan Quds Razavi
1680-9637
22
v.
2
no.
2019
100
123
https://lis.aqr-libjournal.ir/article_81506_7bfb432acbf64d1e2c88bd986c8f312f.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.30481/lis.2019.81506
Suppression of Scholarly Journals: A Case Study of Journal Citation Reports during 2010 to 2014
Mohammad Amin
Erfanmanesh
Assistant Professor of Inrformain Science, Faculty of Education and Psychology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
author
Ronak
Hamzei
Master of MLIS Student, Clinical Research Development Unit of Beheshti Hospital, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Paramedical Faculty, Shahid Beheshti Medical University Sciences,Tehran, Iran
author
Amirhosein
Rajabzadeh Assarha
PhD Student in Library and Information Science, Faculty of Management, University of Tehran. Tehran, Iran
author
text
article
2019
per
Objective: Journals indexed by the Clarivate Analytics’ Web of Science (WOS) are temporarily suppressed from the Journal Citation Reports, if they manipulate their impact factor and present extreme outliers in citation behavior through excessive self-citations and citation stacking with other journals. The current research aims to investigate the different characteristics of the suppressed journals by Clarivate Analytics, in a five-year time span (from 2010 to 2014). Methodology: The current study is an applied research in terms of objectives while it is a descriptive study in terms of data analysis and conducted using scientometric indicators. Research population comprised of 225 suppressed journals from the Journal Citation Reports during 2010-2014. Data was collected from the Journal Citation Reports and Web of Science. Findings: Results of the study revealed that at least one journal from 177 different subject categories were suppressed during 2010 to 2014. The highest number of title suppressions was belonging to electronics and electrical engineering, management and artificial intelligence. Of the interesting findings of the research is the low presence of medical journals in the suppressed lists. Investigating the share of world countries showed that the United States, United Kingdom, the Netherlands and Germany had the greatest number of suppressions. 41.3 percent and 38.2 percent of the journals were suppressed for one and two years, respectively. Moreover, 65 percent of the suppressed journals were ranked in the first and second quartiles of their subject categories a year before suppression. Even some journals were the first journals in their categorical ranking of JCR before suppression. Conclusion: In the five-year period of this study, 32 countries were engaged in journal suppression by having at least one suppressed journal. Notably, the most frequent language of the suppressed journals was English that can be interpreted and about half of the suppressed journals belonged to authoritative international publications like Sage, Wiley-Blackwell, Taylor and Francis, Springer and Routledge. Of course, almost 80 percent of the suppressed titles could meet the Clarivate Analytics criteria again and remove the suppression after two years.Considering the fact that two Iranian journals had the record of suppression, awareness of the researchers and journals’ editorial board members of the country as well as regular monitoring of the journals’ citation performance may avoid occurrence of suppressions in the future.
Library and Information Sciences
Central Library of Astan Quds Razavi
1680-9637
22
v.
2
no.
2019
124
143
https://lis.aqr-libjournal.ir/article_58392_b5590fe01b090877eac07d710aa255e0.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.30481/lis.2019.58392