نیازهای اطلاعاتی حقوقی وکلای شهر تهران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناس ارشد مدیریت اطلاعات، گروه علوم اطلاعات و دانش‌شناسی، دانشکده مدیریت، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.

2 دانشیار گروه علوم اطلاعات و دانش‌شناسی، دانشکده مدیریت، دانشگاه تهران، تهران. ایران.

چکیده

هدف: هدف پژوهش حاضر، شناسایی نیازهای اطلاعاتی حقوقی وکلای شهر تهران بود. منظور از نیازهای اطلاعاتی حقوقی، آن دسته از نیازهایی است که از طریق استفاده از منابع اطلاعاتی و از طریق مجراهای رسمی و یا نیمه‌رسمی ارائه اطلاعات و خدمات کتابخانه‌ها و مراکز اطلاع‌رسانی برآورده می‌شوند.
روش‌شناسی: این پژوهش به روش پیمایشی صورت گرفته است. جامعه آماری شامل تمامی وکلای شهر تهران است که اسامی آن‌ها در کانون وکلای دادگستری مرکز ثبت شده است. از مجموع 8000 نفر جامعه آماری، حجم نمونه‌ای با استفاده از جدول کرجسی و مورگان به تعداد 367 نفر تعیین و به شیوه نمونه‌گیری تصادفی انتخاب شد. ابزار گردآوری داده‌ها پرسش‌نامه محقق‌ساخته بود که شامل دو بخش اطلاعات عمومی و اطلاعات تخصصی بود. برای بالا بردن روایی ابزار پژوهش، از پرسش‌های آزمون شده قبلی در پژوهش‌های مشابه و معتبر استفاده شد و برای تعیین پایایی پرسش‌نامه از آلفای کرونباخ استفاده شد که ضرایب آن برای متغیرهای پژوهش که شامل اهداف و انگیزه‌های جستجوی اطلاعات، ویژگی‌های ارزیابی و انتخاب منابع و موانع فرایند اطلاع‌یابی بودند، بالاتر از 0/70 و قابل قبول بود. تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌های به‌دست آمده با استفاده از آزمون رتبه‌بندی فریدمن و آزمون خی دو تک متغیره در نرم‌افزار اس.پی.اس.اس. انجام شد.
یافته‌ها: نتایج حاکی از آن بود که مهمترین دلیل جستجوی اطلاعات وکلا، پیشبرد دانش تخصصی و مهمترین منابع برای رفع نیازهای اطلاعاتی حقوقی مقررات حقوقی، شرکت در کارگاه‌های آموزشی حقوقی و مقاله‌های مجله‌های علمی هستند. همچنین اهم مشکلات وکلا برای دستیابی به اطلاعات، پراکندگی اطلاعات حقوقی در منابع مختلف، قدیمی بودن بسیاری از منابع و ناکافی بودن منابع در زمینه حقوق معرفی شدند.
نتیجه‌گیری: مهمترین دلیل جستجوی اطلاعات، پیشبرد دانش تخصصی و پس از آن ارائه مقاله پژوهشی است که این یافته بیانگر نگرش علمی پاسخ‌گویان نسبت به رشته تخصصی خود است. کتاب‌ها (اعم از چاپی-الکترونیکی) و نشریات مهمترین منابع رسمی کسب اطلاعات در رفع نیازهای اطلاعاتی وکلا هستند. در میان منابع غیررسمی، کتابخانه سازمان یا مؤسسه حقوقی، مهمترین منبع کسب غیررسمی اطلاعات است؛ و موتور جستجوی گوگل رایج‌ترین ‏موتور جستجوی مورد استفاده وکلا است. همچنین، مراجعه به کتابخانه و بازدید از تازه‌های کتابخانه، بعد از مطالعه نشریات تخصصی، مهمترین روش‌های روزآمدسازی اطلاعات هستند.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Legal Information Needs of Lawyers of Tehran City

نویسندگان [English]

  • Zahra Karimi 1
  • Alireza Noruzi 2
1 MSc of Information Management, Department of Knowledge and Information Science, Faculty of Management, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Department of Knowledge and Information Science, Faculty of Management, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Objective: Access to the right legal information at the right time is a must for the community and for lawyers. The use of information by lawyers and attorneys is strongly influenced by their information needs. These requirements determine the type of information needed, where the information can be found, and how to access it. Lawyers use a variety of methods to access information. Legal information is the most important source for the law and legal professions and without the right legal information; these professions do not perform well.
Methodology: The purpose of this study was to determine the legal information needs of Tehran's lawyers. Legal information needs are those that are met through the use of information resources and through formal or semi-formal channels of information and services offered by libraries and information centers. This research is a survey. The statistical population includes all lawyers in Tehran whose names are registered with the Center for Justice Lawyers. From a total of 8000 statistical population, 367 individuals were selected using Krejcie and Morgan's table by random sampling. The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire consisting of two sections: general information and specialized information. In order to improve the validity of the research instrument, previously tested and validated questions asked in the questionnaires of previous studies conducted in the field of information needs were used in a similar context; and Cronbach's alpha was used to determine the reliability of the questionnaire. Assessment and selection of sources and barriers to the information process were over 0.70 and acceptable. Data were analyzed using the Friedman Ranking Test and Bivariate Chi-square test in the SPSS software version 25.
Findings: The results indicated that the most important reasons for seeking information for lawyers were promoting specialized knowledge and the most important sources for meeting the legal information needs of legal entities, were attending law courses and scientific journal articles. The most important problems for lawyers were access to updated information, the dissemination of legal information in different sources, the outdated nature of many sources, and the inadequate sources of law.
Conclusion: The most important reason for searching information was to update specialized knowledge and then to write a research paper, which shows the scientific attitude of the lawyers towards their specialized field. Books (both printed and electronic) and scientific journals were the most important information sources for meeting the information needs of lawyers. Among informal sources, the library of a legal organization or institution was the most important source of informal acquisition of information; and the Google search engine was the most common search engine used by lawyers. Also, going to the library and visiting the new library resources were the most important ways to update information after reading specialized publications. The suggestions of the study are as follows: (i) the fact that many people today use the Internet to find answers to their questions, lawyers are not an exception. One way to help them is to make legal online databases accessible and expandable; (ii) due to the diffusion of legal information in different sources, the legality of many legal information sources and the inadequate legal information sources, one of the most important problems for lawyers in accessing information is the need to take appropriate measures; (iii) since legal libraries are one of the places of interest for lawyers to access the information, libraries or legal organizations should select law librarians as managers for courthouse libraries/court law libraries; and (iv) the findings showed that the level of French and English language of lawyers was poor. 
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Lawyers
  • Legal information
  • Information needs
حافظ‌نیا، محمدرضا (1389). مقدمه‌ای بر روش تحقیق در علوم انسانی، تهران: انتشارات سمت.
رمضانی، فاطمه (1375). بررسی نیازهای اطلاعاتی اعضای هیئت علمی و دانشجویان تحصیلات تکمیلی رشته‌های حقوق و علوم سیاسی، پایان‌نامه کارشناسی ارشد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی.
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