تحلیل ملزومات ایجاد آرشیو شخصی هنرمندان شهر تهران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناسی ارشد مطالعات آرشیو، گروه علم اطلاعات و دانش‏‌شناسی، دانشکده مدیریت، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

2 دانشیار گروه علم اطلاعات و دانش‌شناسی، دانشکده مدیریت، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

3 استادیار گروه علم اطلاعات و دانش‌شناسی، دانشکده مدیریت، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

چکیده

هدف: پژوهش حاضر با هدف تحلیل ملزومات ایجاد آرشیو شخصی هنرمندان شهر تهران انجام شد.
روش‌شناسی: روش پژوهش حاضر به صورت آمیخته و ترکیبی از مطالعات اسنادی و کتابخانه‌ای، مصاحبه، تحلیل محتوای جهت‌دار و پرسشنامه انجام شده است. جامعه پژوهش شامل هنرمندان شهر تهران در سه زمینه فعالیت نقاشی، مجسمه و حجم و گرافیک که حداقل دو نمایشگاه انفرادی برگزار کرده باشند، است که به دلیل مشخص نبودن جامعه آماری از روش گلوله برفی برای تعیین جامعه آماری استفاده شد و حجم نمونه برابر 271 نفر تعیین شد. اطلاعات مصاحبه به وسیله نرم‏افزار MAXQDA تحلیل شد و ملزومات به زیرمعیارها و زیرمعیارها به مقوله‌هایی دسته‌بندی شدند. از مقوله‌های مستخرج شده پرسشنامه‌ای طراحی شد و میزان آلفای کرونباخ 0/893 محاسبه شد. اطلاعات پرسشنامه محقق‌ساخته جمع‌آوری و از آمار توصیفی میانگین برای توصیف داده‌ها و آمار استنباطی آزمون خی‌دو، رگرسیون چندمتغیره، آزمون F و معادلات ساختاری برای تحلیل فرضیه‌های پژوهش با استفاده از نرم‌افزار لیزرل استفاده شد.
یافته‌ها: نتیجه آزمون خی‌دو بر اساس درجه آزادی هر عامل به صورت جداگانه نشان داد که بین عوامل ذکر شده و ایجاد آرشیو شخصی هنرمندان رابطه معنی‌داری وجود دارد. میانگین عامل حفاظت 3/679 با بار عاملی 0/94، میانگین عامل ذخیره‌سازی 0/636 با بار عاملی 0/92، میانگین عامل فراهم‌آوری 447/3 با بار عاملی 86/0، میانگین عامل بازیابی و دسترسی 17/3 با بار عاملی 81/0 و میانگین عامل سازمان‌دهی 2/791 با بار عاملی 0/79 بود.
نتیجه‌گیری: بر اساس چرخه حیات اسناد و مدارک ثبت ‏شده، ملزومات ایجاد آرشیو شخصی هنرمندان به ترتیب اهمیت شامل: حفاظت، ذخیره‌سازی، فراهم‌آوری، بازیابی و دسترسی و سازمان‌دهی است. از نظر هنرمندان حفاظت فیزیکی و دیجتالی از آرشیو اهمیت زیادی دارد. حفاظت از آرشیو فیزیکی سخت‌تر از حفاظت از آرشیو دیجیتالی است.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Requirements Analysis for Creation of Personal Archives of Artists in Tehran

نویسندگان [English]

  • Samaneh Birjand 1
  • Alireza Noruzi 2
  • Maryam Nakhoda 3
1 MSc of Archival Studies, Department of Knowledge and Information Science, Faculty of Management, University of Tehran, Tehran
2 Associate Professor, Department of Knowledge and Information Science, Faculty of Management, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Knowledge and Information Science, Faculty of Management, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Objective: Personal Archiving is a branch of archival science and genealogy, focusing on the capture, classify, maintain, store, retrieve, use, archive, preservation, dispose, and management of an individual's personal documents and other documentary output, generally by the individuals concerned. A personal archive is an archive created by a person with personal goals, needs and interests. The lack of personal archives, especially for artists, can disperse their artworks throughout their lives, increasing the lack of coherence of their artworks and personal information. A personal archive is established through identifying, capturing, collecting, organizing, indexing, storing, integrating, retrieving, and sharing of personal works, documents and information. Personal archives are an important cultural heritage of a country, because they represent the cultural heritage of individuals and their individual, social, economic and cultural activities in the society. Therefore, the present research seeks to study the requirements for the creation of personal archives of artists in Tehran.
Methodology: The statistical population of this study included 271 artists from the Institute for the Development of Visual Arts, in three fields of painting, sculpture and graphic art who has held at least two individual exhibitions. Participants were selected by snowball method and introduced by previous participants. The research method was mixed. First, the literature were analyzed and reviewed. Second, the interviews have been conducted. Third, the contents of interviews were analyzed descriptively and qualitatively, using thematic analysis and the MAXQDA software. Forth, the requirements for creating personal archives of artists were extracted. Finally, in the second phase, according to the requirements extracted from the interviews, a questionnaire was developed and was filled out by participants.
Findings: The result of chi-square test based on the degree of freedom of each factor showed that there was a significant relationship between the mentioned factors and the creation of the artists' personal archives. The mean of conservation factor was 3.679 with a factor loading 0.94, the mean of storage factor was 3.636 with a factor loading of 0.92, the mean of factor of acquisition (collecting) was 3.447 with a factor loading of 0.86, the mean of factor of retrieval and access was 3.17 with a factor loading of 0.81; and the mean of organization factor was 2.791 with a factor loading of 0.79.
Conclusion: The results of analysis of questionnaires' data revealed that the requirements and priorities to create personal archives for artists in order of importance include: conservation, storage, acquisition (collecting), retrieval, access, and organization. In analyzing these essentials, physical and digital protection of personal information as the underpinnings of the protection agent, is vital for the artists of Tehran. It is worth noting that protecting the physical archives is harder than protecting digital archives. It is suggested to create a database of artists' personal archives to allow them sharing their personal archives and experiences.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Personal archives
  • Requirements Analysis
  • Visual artists
  • Tehran city
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